The term parotitis is used to refer to inflammation or infection of the parotid gland. The parotid gland can become infected or inflamed through a variety of different processes. Parotid swelling may be associated with a variety of glandular disorders in children. Mar 08, 2020 parotitis is a topic covered in the johns hopkins abx guide to view the entire topic, please sign in or purchase a subscription official website of the johns hopkins antibiotic abx, hiv, diabetes, and psychiatry guides, powered by unbound medicine. Bacterial parotitis is most commonly caused by staphylococcus aureus, a grampositive coccal bacterium often found in the respiratory tract. In addition, there are acute bacterial infections and chronic. A complete guide to parotitis you have salivary glands in your mouth which empty secrete saliva through ducts that open into your mouth. Parotitis treatment parotid tumor surgery salivary gland. Glandula parotis definition of glandula parotis by. All of the salivary glands empty saliva into the mouth through ducts that open at various locations in the mouth. A term used to describe an inflammatory or infectious process involving the parotid gland. Submaxillary, submandibular and sublingual glands can be.
The ability to perform a thorough clinical examination, salivary examination and imaging procedure facilitates the differentiation of parotitis from other pathology. Viral infections such as mumps often affect the salivary glands mumps most often causes parotiditis. Care instructions my health alberta government of alberta. The disease more frequently affects males but higher distribution in females was found when symptoms appeared later. Molecular biology, pathogenesis and pathology of mumps. Parotitis is the inflammation of the parotid glands, represented by a visible swelling in the back of the mouth behind the ears. Acute suppurative parotitis asp is a severe infection seen.
We dont know exactly how commonly parotitis occurs with. Pdf facial nerve paralysis caused by a benign parotid tumor. The incidence of parotitis has been reported to be 0. Parotid gland anatomy parotid duct over maxillary second molar 2.
Inflammation of the parotid glands, a classic feature of mumps. The parotid gland is a major salivary gland in many animals. Accurate diagnosis is necessary for an appropriate therapeutic approach. Official website of the johns hopkins antibiotic abx, hiv, diabetes, and psychiatry guides, powered by unbound medicine. Mumps virus is the most recognized cause of viral parotitis. If it is swollen, the ear is pushed up and out in a characteristic fashion, which helps differentiate this condition from a simple lymph gland infection lymphadenitis. Treatment of parotitis causes swelling in one or both of the parotid glands. Mar 25, 2015 the perdominant salivary immunoglobulin is iga. Parotitis is a topic covered in the johns hopkins abx guide. Parotitis occurrences usually last between 3 and 7 days, rarely persisting for up to 23 weeks at a time. The largest of the salivary glands, one of two compound acinous glands situated inferior and anterior to the ear, on either side, extending from the angle of the jaw to the zygomatic arch and posteriorly to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Postsurgical acute suppurative parotitis is a bacterial gland infection that occurs from a few days up to some weeks after abdominal surgical procedures. Parotitis treatment parotid tumor surgery salivary.
Episodes of parotitis can be single or even recur over time. Bilateral involvement is present in most instances. Molecular biology, pathogenesis and pathology of mumps virus. One is located in each cheek over the jaw in front of the ears. Clinical considerations 9 diseases of parotid gland 1 congenital aplasia or atresia any one or group of salivary glands may be absent, unilaterally or bilaterally. It is a rare salivary gland disease presenting as parotid swelling that appears at least twice before adolescence. It is a benign tumor with a slow, asymptomatic and.
These are two large salivary glands that sit inside each cheek over the jaw in front of each ear. Although widespread immunization has substantially reduced the number of mumps cases in the u. Glandula parotis definition of glandula parotis by medical. The parotid gland is the salivary gland most commonly affected by inflammation. Antimicrobials and adequate hydration are an essential part of treatment. Initial signs and symptoms often include fever, muscle pain, headache, poor appetite, and feeling generally unwell.
Acute suppurative parotitis is an acute, painful, diffuse disease probably developing from an ascending ductal infection. Mumps was first described by hippocrates in the fifth century bc, in his first book of epidemics, but a viral aetiology was not demonstrated until the 1930s, when johnson and goodpasture fulfilled kochs postulates by transferring the disease from experimentally infected rhesus macaques macaca mulatta, to children in his neighbourhood, using a bacteriafree, filtersterilized. You have three pairs of salivary glands, which include parotid gland, the two largest glands located in each cheek. Many risk factors are associated with acute parotitis based on patient population with dehydration being the most significant. Neonatal suppurative parotitis nsp is an uncommon disease with a prevalence of 3. Parotitis is a painful swelling of your parotid glands, which are salivary glands located between the ear and jaw. Symptoms typically occur 16 to 18 days after exposure and resolve after seven to 10 days. Salivary gland diseases in children pubmed central pmc. The duration of parotitis in a patient depends on the cause. Serion elisa classic parotitis virus iggigm are quantitative and qualitative tests for detection of human antibodies in serum, plasma or cerebrospinal fluid against parotitis virus. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common type of all benign and malignant salivary gland tumors, involving more frequently the parotid gland.
Acute parotitis is recent swelling of one or both of the salivary glands. See your doctor if you have swelling or other symptoms in this part of your face. In the present article, we describe a case of a postamputation parotitis along with its management and its possible pathogenesis. Pdf facial nerve paralysis caused by a benign parotid. Parotitis is usually bilateral, developing 23 weeks after exposure and lasting for 23 days, but it may persist for a week or more in some cases 37, 50, 51. The mumps hn and f glycoproteins reach the surface of the infected host cell through the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi complex. This type of infection is now considerably rare in children. Parotitis is a relatively common condition that can affect anyone. Inflammation of one or more of these glands is called parotitis, or parotiditis. Parotitis, acute and chronic 5minute clinical consult. All of the salivary glands empty saliva into the mouth.
Parotitis causes swelling in one or both of the parotid glands. Usually, the problem goes away by itself, but some cases require treatment. Two submandibular glands are at the back of the mouth on both sides of the jaw. Viral parotitis is caused by the infiltration of respiratory droplets containing the mumps virus. The etiology of parotitis is assumed to be ascending infection from the oral cavity. In addition, 12 were believed to have ebv reactivation as the result of the presence of viral shedding in the presence of antiepsteinbarr nuclear antigen immunoglobulin ig g.
Fiftyfour patients had bilateral parotitis, and 31 had unilateral parotitis. Parotitis is a selflimited condition that will usually resolve itself without treatment. Acute suppurative parotitis asp is a severe infection seen particularly in elderly surgical patients. This is then usually followed by painful swelling of one or both parotid salivary glands. Johns hopkins guide app for ios, iphone, ipad, and android included. Epidemic parotitis definition of epidemic parotitis by. You may not embed one of our images on your web page without a link back to our site. Glandular structures located within the face that are responsible for the production of saliva. Treatment of parotitis, parotitis definition, causes, risk. Pathophysiology decreased salivary production or an impedance of its delivery. Mumps is a viral disease caused by the mumps virus. To view the entire topic, please sign in or purchase a subscription.
There are a number of causes, including viruses and bacteria. Text je dostupny pod licenci creative commons uvedte puvod 4. The most important viral pathogens are the mumps virus and cytomegalovirus, which will be looked at in more detail in the following section. Parotid gland is the largest, provides 65% of the total salivary volume.
Acute viral parotitis is not a common symptom of influenza virus infection and is much more commonly seen following infection with the mumps virus. See your doctor if you have swelling or other symptoms in this part of your face, parotitis, parotitis causes, parotitis definition, parotitis. Two sublingual glands are under the floor of the mouth. A dreadful complication in elderly surgical patients pavlos lampropoulos, spyros rizos, and athanasios marinis abstract background. This is the main salivary gland, and lies under the angle of the jaw and the ear lobe. The hallmark of mumps is salivary gland swelling, typically the parotid glands, which forms the basis of a clinical diagnosis.
Esr103g, serion elisa classic parotitis virus iggkit quantitative esr103m, serion elisa classic parotitis virus igmkit quantitative intended use. Salivary gland infections affect the glands that produce spit saliva. Oct 23, 2012 juvenile recurrent parotitis jrp is defined as recurrent inflammatory parotitis in children of unknown etiology. Parotitis as the initial sign of juvenile sjogrens syndrome aapd. Konstantinos ioannis avgerinos, nikolaos degermetzoglou, sofia theofanidou, georgia kritikou, ioannis bountouris 2018, acute parotitis after lower limb amputation. Neonatal suppurative parotitis is a rare condition characterized by swelling, pain, and erythema over the affected gland.
Parotitis results from the inflammatory response to the presence of mumps virus in the parotid salivary gland. Infections of the parotid gland range from acute to severe. How common is acute parotitis with influenza infection. Acute sialadenitis during influenza season tasha desai, do and tibisay villalobosfry, md background results during the winter of 20142015, there were a significant number of children diagnosed with acute sialadenitis or parotitis from the emergency department with presenting complaints of uri symptoms and sore.
Dec, 20 mumps virus is the most recognized cause of viral parotitis. If you would like a large, unwatermarked image for your web page or. If you would like a large, unwatermarked image for your web page or blog, please purchase the appropriate license. Parotitis is an inflammation of one or both parotid glands, the major salivary glands located on either side of the face, in humans. Ten patients treated with ductal dilatation or antibiotics responded to therapy during the acute episodes and by their late teens required no further treatment.
Aug 01, 2010 in addition, 12 were believed to have ebv reactivation as the result of the presence of viral shedding in the presence of antiepsteinbarr nuclear antigen immunoglobulin ig g. The patient reports progressive painful swelling of the gland and fever. In most cases the symptoms resolve spontaneously after puberty but all. Contralateral recurrence of parotid abscess at 6 months. Juvenile recurrent parotitis is the second most common cause of parotitis in childhood, only after mumps. Of all the salivary glands, the parotid gland is most commonly affected by an inflammatory process. Parotitis is inflammation or infection of the parotid salivary gland. Mumps virus is a member of the paramyoxoviridae family with a singlestrand, negativesense rna molecule. The salivary glands include the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. Parotitis is inflammation of the parotid salivary gland. Evidencebased information on parotitis from hundreds of trustworthy sources for health and social care. Oct 04, 2015 conclusion dentists are in the unique position to diagnose a patient with chronic parotitis. Parotitis infectious disease and antimicrobial agents.
585 589 1020 887 1370 1199 1232 651 445 16 1171 1488 1500 1096 392 186 710 815 326 32 305 1370 6 827 568 52 1333 1350 115 317 1196 1099 772 1260 338 1219